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- $Unique_ID{BRK04018}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Muscular Dystrophy, Becker}
- $Subject{Muscular Dystrophy, Becker BMD Progressive Tardive Muscular Dystrophy
- Benign Juvenile Muscular Dystrophy Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Leyden-Moebius
- Muscular Dystrophy Gower's Muscular Dystrophy }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 598:
- Muscular Dystrophy, Becker
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Becker Muscular
- Dystrophy) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- BMD
- Progressive Tardive Muscular Dystrophy
- Benign Juvenile Muscular Dystrophy
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Leyden-Moebius Muscular Dystrophy
- Gower's Muscular Dystrophy
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy is a rare inherited muscle wasting disease
- usually beginning during the second or third decade of life. This slowly
- progressive disorder affects males almost exclusively. Muscles of the hips
- and shoulders are weakened, walking abnormalities develop, and mild mental
- retardation may be present. Eventually, other more severe symptoms may
- involve the heart and lungs.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) is characterized by slowly progressive
- weakness of the hip and shoulder muscles. These muscles tend to be firm and
- rubbery. Deep tendon reflexes may be lost early in the course of this
- disorder. Ability to walk is affected, and mild mental retardation may be
- present. Joint contractures, curvature of the spine (scoliosis), restrictive
- lung disease, and in rare cases heart problems, can develop with time.
- Female carriers of BMD are usually not affected, although most have an
- elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) concentration in the blood system.
-
- Causes
-
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait.
- (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. X-linked recessive disorders are conditions which are
- coded on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes, but males have
- one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Therefore, in females, disease traits
- on the X chromosome can be masked by the normal gene on the other X
- chromosome. Since males only have one X chromosome, if they inherit a gene
- for a disease present on the X, it will be expressed. Men with X-linked
- disorders transmit the gene to all their daughters, who are carriers, but
- never to their sons. Women who are carriers of an X-linked disorder have a
- fifty percent risk of transmitting the carrier condition to their daughters,
- and a fifty percent risk of transmitting the disease to their sons.)
- Scientists recently discovered the specific protein deficiency that causes
- symptoms of this disorder. The protein is known as dystrophin. Symptoms
- result when the body produces either too little or an abnormal form of this
- protein.
-
- About 30% of Muscular Dystrophy cases have no history of the disease in
- their family. It was difficult to diagnose these people until a test to
- detect dystrophin in muscles was developed. The cause of spontaneous (non-
- genetic) cases of Muscular Dystrophy is still unknown.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) affects males almost exclusively. Females
- are usually not affected, although they may carry the genetic trait. This
- disorder occurs in approximately one in 30,000 live births.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Becker
- Muscular Dystrophy (BMD). Comparisons may be useful for a differential
- diagnosis:
-
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is the most rapidly progressive form of
- muscular dystrophy and one of the most common. This muscle-wasting disorder,
- which affects boys almost exclusively, typically begins between the ages of
- two and five and progresses rapidly. The protein known as dystrophin which
- causes symptoms of DMD is the same as that of Becker Muscular Dystrophy
- (BMD). However, BMD patients produce too little or an abnormal form of
- dystrophin whereas DMD patients do not produce any of this protein.
-
- Leyden-Moebius Muscular Dystrophy (Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy) is a
- progressive disorder that usually begins during pre-adolescence. The pelvic
- area is the most severely affected with weakness and muscular deterioration.
- Muscles of the face, shoulders and arms are also affected. This disorder is
- inherited by a different mode of transmission than that of Becker Muscular
- Dystrophy.
-
- Gower's Muscular Dystrophy is a rare, slowly progressive weakness that
- begins in the hands and feet, then extends to other nearby areas of the body
- causing only moderate weakness. This disorder usually begins during
- adulthood.
-
- (For more information on these disorders, choose "muscular dystrophy" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- At this time, no specific treatment exists for Becker Muscular Dystrophy
- (BMD). However, exercise combined with physical therapy and orthopedic
- devices may benefit most patients. Genetic counseling may be of benefit for
- patients and their families because genetic tests are available to identify
- this disorder. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Tests are available to detect Muscular Dystrophy prenatally and
- postnatally. The prenatal test is a genetic test to learn if a person is
- carrying the MD gene. Postnatal tests use antidystrophin antibodies which
- allow detection of dystrophin in muscle tissue. People with Duchenne
- Muscular Dystrophy are deficient in dystrophin, while those with Becker
- Muscular Dystrophy have a dystrophin molecule that is either smaller or
- larger than normal, but present in normal quantities in the muscles.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- The gene abnormality which causes Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) and the
- protein deficiency linked to symptoms have both been identified. Researchers
- hope to learn how they may alter this process, thus curing or treating this
- disorder in the future.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- August 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Becker Muscular Dystrophy, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Muscular Dystrophy Association, National Office
- 3300 E. Sunrise Dr.
- Tucson, AZ 85718
- (602) 529-2000
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- Muscular Dystrophy Group of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Nattrass House
- 35 Macaulay Road
- London, England SW4 0QP
- 01-720-8055
-
- Society for Muscular Dystrophy International
- P.O. Box 479
- Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, Canada B4V 2X6
-
- For Genetic Information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- PREFERENTIAL DELETION OF EXONS IN DUCHENNE AND BECKER MUSCULAR
- DYSTROPHIES: S.M. Forrest, et al.; Nature (October 15-21, 1987, issue 329
- (6140)). Pp. 638-640.
-
- EVALUATION OF CARRIER DETECTION RATES FOR DUCHENNE AND BECKER MUSCULAR
- DYSTROPHIES USING SERUM CREATINE-KINASE (CK) AND PYRUVATE-KINASE (PK) THROUGH
- DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS: M. Zatz, et al.; Am J Med Genet (October 1986, issue
- 25(2)). Pp. 219-230.
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 1427-1428.
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
- and Co., 1987. Pp. 2238-2239.
-
-